To exclude a sub-folder inside a folder in .gitignore, the following can be done.
app/*
!app/subfolder/
app/subfolder/*
!app/subfolder/subfolder2/
This will ignore all files and sub-folders inside “subfolder” but it will ignore the “subfolder2”
Note: Using * after the slash(/) indicates that the folder can be ignored but there maybe other conditions below for other sub-folders. If the * is not kept, all the conditions below that line will be ignored for that specific folder.